My Profile
Active Members
TodayLast 7 Days
more...
Awards & Gifts
Online Exams
Fresher Jobs
Our fresher job section is exclusively for fresh graduates! Find jobs for freshers in major Indian
cities including Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Pune or Kochi
Resources
Find educational articles, blogs, discussion threads and other resources.
Colleges
Find details about any college in India or search for courses.
|
Resources » Articles/Knowledge Sharing » General »
Ground water Recharge techniques
|
Ground water is used for various natural processes and processes carried out by humans and so needs to be recharged time to time. Recharge of ground water happens naturally and it is being done artificially too. Rain water is the main source for both the types of recharge - natural and artificial. Water is a renewable resource but up to a certain limit. In past the usage of groundwater was lesser and hence the recharge of groundwater by natural processes was enough to retain and maintain the equilibrium of water level, however in recent decades due to excessive exploitation of groundwater by humans the recharge due to natural processes is not enough and this resource is depleting day by day. According to Central Ground Water Board the total monsoon runoff per year in India is 1548 BCM (billion cubic meters) out of which water available for recharge is 872 BCM, there is some share of this water already being used for the purpose but there is an estimated amount of 36.5 BCM of surplus water runoff that can be used for artificial recharge. Hence to maintain this equilibrium, recharge by the help of artificial processes is required urgently.
Artificial recharge is basically just a redistribution and not addition of water. Hence artificial recharge of groundwater affects the water deposition in lakes and reservoirs in low lying areas.
Given below are different techniques involved in artificial recharge:-
 
Artificial Recharge techniques
Source: Central Ground Water Board of Lucknow
Different types of techniques are applied according to various factors influencing a certain area. Efficiency of an artificial recharge scheme depends largely on source of water available, capability of ground water reservoir to accommodate the amount of quantity of water in it, the selection of site for this process and the design of the recharge structure ( i.e how advanced is the design of the recharge structure ). For example percolation tanks, check dams, recharge shafts and sub surface barriers are effective structures in areas having hard rocks. Recharge trench and tube wells are more suitable for areas having alluvial soil. For the coastal areas the recharge techniques using tidal regulators is very effective, because of which the fresh water is contained back and pushed upstream and hence enhance natural recharge. In hilly terrain, cities and areas having heavy rainfall, roof top structures for water harvesting are very useful.
As far as costs of installment and maintenance and benefit due to implementation of various techniques of artificial recharge are concerned they largely depend on factors like the incident rainfall in that area, agro-climatic conditions, hydro-geological conditions, land use pattern and geomorphology. In places where all the above mentioned factors are same, the benefit and costs etc depend upon the quality of the recharge structures.
Given below is a table relating the costs and benefit associated to different regions in India:-
 
|
|
Responses to the resource: "Ground water Recharge techniques"
|
No responses found. Be the first to respond and make money from revenue sharing program.
|
|
|