Antioxidants Posted Date: 01 Nov 2009     Resource Type: Articles/Knowledge Sharing     Category: Education Author: vilas Member Level: Gold     Rating: Points: 7

Antioxidants are the substances which react with Free radicals & control oxidative stress. antioxidants seperate free radicals from biomolecules like DNA, Proteins, etc. antioxidants rapidly repair the damage cause by the free radicals. antioxidants also known as free radical scavangers. Antioxidants reduced free radical stress. Types of Antioxidants 1. Natural Antioxidants : a) Antioxidant Enzyme: Superoxide Dismutase : This is an intracellular enzyme which convert highly reactive Hydroxyl Radicals into Hydrogen Peroxide. Catalase : its also a intracellular haem enzyme which covert Hydrogen peroxide into water & carbon dioxide. Glutathione Peroxidase: This is selenium Containing intracellular enzyme, removes Hydrogen peroxide & other peroxides with reducing power of Glutathione. b) Preventive Antioxidants: Transferrin & Caeruplasmin: both are the Protiens carries metal ions & prevent the interaction with Free Radicals. c) Chain Breaking Antioxidants: also known as free radical scaveging Antioxidants. this type of antioxidants are powerful electron doners & with free radicals. Ascorbic acid: also known as Vit-C, highly Water soluble, 1st line antioxidant defence in plasma. inhibit Lipid Peroxidation. Tocopherol : its lipid soluble, which Prevents Lipid Peroxidation in lipoproteins & biological membranes. B-Carotene : its also lipid soluble, well known as Vit-A. Prevents Lipid Peroxidation. 2. Synthetic Antioxidants: a) Deferoxamine: Powerful iron chelator, prevents iron dependant free radical generation. b) Probucol : Retards Atherosclerosis. c) Salicylates : act as free radical scavenger. d) Lozaroids : Powerful inhibitors of iron dependent lipid peroxidation. e) Xanthine Oxidase inhibitors & Neutrophils-Macrophages Inhibitors. Reduction in Antioxidant source in daily food lead increase in Free Radical stress. that may induced free radical generated diseases like Atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, cancer,etc.

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