There are many postulates and countless number of theories giving their own take about how the universe was formed. Every religion, every sect in every religion have their own theory about how the universe came into existence.
Some say that god just created the universe, the planets, the various stars and everything else that exists. We have even seen lord Shiva dancing some holy dance which created the universe. Some say that god created Man first who created woman and that is how civilization started. How much of this is legitimate we will never know. What we do know is what we can prove. God is an abstract identity. Everything else in this world is real. And that is what we should work with.
There are many proven theories which accurately depict how the universe came to be. The period from 1900 - 1950 was the golden age for science. Great minds such as Einstein changed the face or modern physics and astrological science. Many theories regarding the origin of the universe were put forth during this time.
Of the two most popular of these theories, one stated that the universe was slowly expanding and created new matter in the process. This theory was in accordance to all the previous calculations about the origin of the universe. However this theory was scrapped in favor of what is known as the BIG BANG.
The BIG BANG theory states that the universe is expanding and so it must have originated from a single identity. During that time only this single identity existed and nothing else. This single identity is considered to be a single atom. It is also called the trivial atom. It did not consist of protons or neutrons. It consisted of unknown energy.
Information about this initial state of the universe has not been accurately known. The Big Bang theory states the continuous change in the universe as soon as the universe began expanding from this phase.
In the initial phase just as the expansion was about to begin the density and temperature of the universe was infinite. As the temperature and density slowly started decreasing the universe began to expand. This process was very slow. Seconds after the expansion began the basic particles of the universe began to form. Protons were formed first, then came electrons and then neutrons. As time passed protons dominated the formation of the universe. These were complemented by a partial state of electrons. Eventually as time passed by solid matter began to form. Around 600,000 years into the formation of the universe this process suddenly sped up. Particles were formed faster and the temperatures and density began to drop at the brisk space. The particles started moving away from each other at a faster rate. These particles eventually formed the galaxies that exist in known space today.
The lifetime of the universe is 13.7 billion years. All the galaxies, stars and planets that we see are much younger compared to the age of the universe. Today the universe is made up of three types of energies - dark energy, light energy and baryon energy. Dark energy consists of 70% of the total energy of the universe. The constituents of this energy are still unknown to mankind. This energy constitutes all the darkness in space that prevails today. The universe is still expanding. All the galaxies are moving away from each other. Galaxies exist only because of the magnetic force that holds the planets together.
This is all the information i have. If some of the things are not accurate feel free to correct me.
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