ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND
NATURAL RESOURCES 9
Definition, Scope and Importance – Need For Public Awareness – Forest Resources:-
Use and Over – Exploitation, Deforestation, Case Studies, Timber Extraction, Mining,
Dams and their Ground Water, Floods, Drought, Conflicts Over Water, Dams – Benefits
and Problems – Mineral Resources:- Use Effects on Forests and Tribal People – Water
Resources:- Use and Over-Utilization of Surface and Exploitation, Environmental Effects
of Extracting and Using Mineral Resources, Case Studies – Food Resources: World Food
Problems, Changes caused by Agriculture and Overgrazing, Effects of Modern
Agriculture, Fertilizer- Pesticide Problems, Water Logging, salinity, Case Studies –
Energy Resources:- Growing Energy Needs, Renewable and Non Renewable Energy
Sources, Use of Alternate Energy Sources, Case Studies – Land Resources:- Land as a
Resource, Land Degradation, Man Induced Landslides, Soil Erosion and Desertification –
Role of an Individual in Conservation of Natural Resources – Equitable use of Resources
for Sustainable Lifestyles.
UNIT II ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY 9
Concepts of an Ecosystem – Structure and Function of an Ecosystem – Producers,
Consumers and Decomposers – Energy Flow in the Ecosystem – Ecological Succession –
Food Chains, Food Webs and Ecological Pyramids – Introduction, Types, Characteristic
Features, Structure and Function of the (A) Forest Ecosystem (B) Grassland Ecosystem
(C) Desert Ecosystem (D) Aquatic Ecosystems (Ponds, Streams, Lakes, Rivers, Oceans,
Estuaries) – Introduction to Biodiversity – Definition: Genetic, Species and Ecosystem
Diversity – Biogeographical Classification of India – Value of Biodiversity: Consumptive
Use, Productive Use, Social, Ethical, Aesthetic and Option Values – Biodiversity at
Global, National and Local Levels – India as a Mega-Diversity Nation – Hot-Spots of
Biodiversity – Threats to Biodiversity: Habitat Loss, Poaching of Wildlife, Man-Wildlife
Conflicts – endangered and Endemic Species of India – Conservation of Biodiversity: In-
Situ and Ex-Situ conservation of Biodiversity.
UNIT III ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 9
Definition – Causes, Effects and Control Measures of:- (A) Air Pollution (B) Water
Pollution (C) Soil Pollution (D) Marine Pollution (E) Noise Pollution (F) Thermal
Pollution (G) Nuclear Hazards – Solid Waste Management:- Causes, Effects and Control
Measures of Urban and Industrial Wastes – Role of an Individual in Prevention of
Pollution – Pollution Case Studies – disaster Management:- Floods, Earthquake, Cyclone
and Landslides.
UNIT IV SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT 9
From Unsustainable To Sustainable Development – Urban Problems Related To energy –
Water conservation, Rain Water Harvesting, Watershed Management – Resettlement and
Rehabilitation of People, Its Problems and Concerns, Case Studies – Environmental
Ethics:- Issues and Possible Solutions – Climate Change, Global Warming, Acid Rain,
Ozone Layer Depletion, Nuclear Accidents and Holocaust, Case Studies – Wasteland
Reclamation – Consumerism and Waste Products – Environment Production Act – Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act – Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act – Wildlife Protection Act – Forest Conservation Act – Issues Involved in
enforcement of Environmental Legislation – Public Awareness.
UNIT V HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 9
Population Growth, Variation Among Nations – Population Explosion – Family Welfare
Programme – environment and Human Health – Human Rights – Value Education – HIV
/AIDS – Women and Child Welfare – Role of Information Technology in Environment
and Human Health – Case Studies.
Field Study of Local Area to Document Environmental assets – River / Forest /
Grassland/Hill / Mountain.
Field Study of Common Plants, Insects and Birds. Field Study of Simple Ecosystems –
Pond, River, Hill Slopes, etc
Field Study of Local Polluted Site – Urban/Rural/Industrial/Agricultural
Total: 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. Masters, G.M., “Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science”, Pearson
Education Pvt., Ltd., 2nd Edition, 2004.
2. Miller, T.G. Jr., “Environmental Science”, Wadsworth Pub. Co.
3. Townsend C., Harper, J. and Begon, M., “Essentials of Ecology”, Blackwell
Science, 2003.
4. Trivedi, R.K., and Goel, P.K., “Introduction to Air Pollution”, Techno-Science
Publications.
REFERENCES
1. Erach, B., “The Biodiversity of India”, Mapin Publishing Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad,
India
2.Trivedi, R.K., “Handbook of Environmental Law’s, Rules, Guidelines, Compliances
and Standards”, Vol-I and II, Envio Media.
3. Cunningham., Cooper, W.P. and Gorhani, T.H., “Environmental Encyclopedia”,
Jaico Publishing House, Mumbai, 2001.
4. Wages, K.D., “Environmental Management”, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia,
USA, 1998.
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