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SLINGERS - RULES AND PROCEDURES
Posted Date:
Total Responses: 0
Posted By: RK Member Level: Diamond Points/Cash: 10
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SLINGER / RIGGERS RULES AND PROCEDURES
(A) GENERAL RULES:
1. For transporting the loads with Cranes, only authorized slingers must be employed who should possess the permission certificate for such work.
2. Slingers should be examined and controlled under crane maintenance section.
3. Before employing on work, every slinger will be examined by the crane section and the permission certificate will be issued as he is found to fit for safe slinging of load. The permission certificate will be issued for a period of one year. If he is deemed to fit for the safe slinging work, his certificate will be renewed for another year.
4. Authorized slingers are permitted to give signaling to the crane drivers with only standard signals.
5. When crane operator cannot clearly see the servicing zone from the crane cabin, a signaler (another slinger) should be employed to exchange signals between the crane operator and the slinger.
6. Slingers are warned to use only the authorized slings and chains having proper inventory marking on them, certifying that it has been tested and checked for its capacity.
7. The responsibility for technical inspection, testing and repairs of the slings and other load lifting devices lies with the crane section of the maintenance department. All the user departments must co-operate and co-ordinate with the crane section in this regard.
8. It is the duty of the slingers to ensure the availability of the slings in all sizes capacities. All the slings and chains should be properly placed or hanged so that these do not rusted or damaged.
9. Slingers are warned not to keep any damaged or un-tested slings with them. All such slings should be returned to the maintenance department for destroy and disposal.
10. All the slinging and load lifting devices, load containers etc should be examined from time to time by the maintenance section. The period between the two consecutive inspections should not exceed the norms given below.
Traverses etc., : Every six months
Tongs & other load lifting devices : Every month
Slings, chains & Load containers etc., : Every 15 days
11. Crane capacity must be written on each crane which can be clearly read from a distance. For jib crane or any other crane with the boom, the scale showing the crane capacity for different boom angles must be provided.
12. Load lifting chains, shackles and rings etc., must be annealed periodically as per the norms given below. They must be heated below the critical temperature of 600 – 650 °C and then cooled in a still air.
Chains up to 13 mm size : Every 6 months
If they used for hand operated cranes : Every one year
Chains over 13 mm size : Every one year
If they used for hand operated cranes : Every two years
Rings, shackles : Every six months
13. Load lifting capacity must be written on all the slinging and load lifting devices.
14. Chains, shackles etc., used with the derrick must be thoroughly examined every time before use, if this examination has not been done in the past three months
15. Repaired chain, shackles etc., must be used only after satisfactory test report.
16. The slinger must know the following points….
i. To exchange signals with the crane operator.
ii. To estimate the weight of the load and the various safe slinging methods.
iii. Depending upon weight and size of the load, to select out the proper size and length of chain or sling, no. of ropes and the angle between them.
iv. To check and find out if the sling, chain, various load lifting devices and the load container etc., are safe for working.
v. To tie or hand the load safely from the hook or any other device.
vi. Rules on filling dry powder / liquid material and other small components / parts in the load container.
vii. Proper and safe hanging of load container with the crane hook.
viii. To render first aid to the person affected by an electric current (shock).
ix. Location of the knife-switch of the main bus bar / electric trolley line or of the flexible cable feeding the crane.
DUTIES OF THE SLINGER BEFORE SLINGING THE LOAD:
Before slinging a load, the slinger should arrange or look into the following points.
1. Crane capacity. For cranes with the boom, the boom angle and the crane capacity at this angle.
2. Ensure that all the parts of the load hanging device are in order. These should be cleaned of the dust / rust and all the friction surfaces well lubricated.
3. Estimate the weight of the load and in case of any doubt, the same should be ascertained from the section in-charge.
4. Arrange proper size sling or chain as per the weight and size of the load. The number of the ropes and size should be decided keeping in the view the angle between the ropes. Necessary packing (wooden, jute etc.,) and other load lifting devices should also be arranged.
5. Ensure that the slings, chains and the containers are in good condition and that the inventory has been marked on all the chains, slings and other load slinging devices. Load lifting capacity must be written on the load containers and must be engraved on the surface of the tongs and other slinging devices. Damaged and slings without safe working load markings are to be disposed off.
6. Ensure proper illumination in the work area.
7. Inspect the place well before, where the load is to be shifted.
8. Unwanted persons should not stand near load to be transported.
DUTIES OF THE SLINGER WHILE SLINGING THE LOAD:
1. The load should be properly tied by the slinger and while hanging it with the hook, he should ensure that the angle between the ropes doesn’t exceed 90°. However, in exceptional cases when the crane height doesn’t allow the use of longer slings, the angle can be kept more than 90° but with the permission and supervision of a responsible person.
2. Knots should not be made on the sling or the chain to shorten its length.
3. Load should be tied in such a way that the sling or chain doesn’t sling over it and that the load or its part (wooden plank, steel piece etc.,) doesn’t fall down.
4. To protect the sling or chain from the damages (i.e., short bends or cutting), soft wooden packing, jute or round edged metal packing should be used at the sharp edges and projections of the load or at the rope crossing.
5. For transporting RCC loads, it should be slinged on all the loops provided for the purpose.
6. Machines or long/large dimensioned loads must be transported under the supervision of a responsible person.
7. While transporting metal plates, proper devices should be employed so that the plates do not get bent.
8. Small load should be transported after filling them in the containers provided for the purpose. Container should be filled 100 mm below its edge so that the load doesn’t fall down during its transportation.
9. While lifting machines, bed plates etc from the foundation, slinger should ensure that all the nuts have been removed from the foundation bolts and there is not obstruction in lifting the machine. Only after this, he should give a slow lifting signal to the crane operator and the machine made completely free from the foundation bolts. The machine is then transported to the desired place.
10. Slinger should ensure that the crane hook is over the load being lifted. While lifting the load, the crane ropes should be vertical so that the load does not swing.
11. While lifting load using a traverse, slinger should see that the load is nearly equal on the two ends of the traverse.
12. When suspending load from the herring-bone hook, slinger should see that the load is hanged on both ends of the hook and the load on both the ends is nearly equal.
13. When tying a load with the rope or chain, their ends should not be left loose and must also be tied up with load so that it may not form an obstacle while transporting the load.
14. Transportation of load with two cranes should be done only under the supervision of a responsible person. Crane ropes of either crane should be vertical and the load on either crane should not exceed its capacity.
15. While tying or hanging the load, the slinger is forbidden from doing the following….
i) Using defective or un-tested slings, chains or other load slinging devices.
ii) Bolting of broken chain links. Bolting of two slings together for increasing the length.
iii) Using slings (usually for manila rope slings) with unwound ends.
iv) Using crow-bar etc for aiding the slinging work on the load.
v) Sliding the sling or chain with a hammer etc from the suspended load (or on the hook) for proper balancing.
vi) Standing near the load, suspended in a un-equilibrium position. Standing near the load while turning it over. For carrying out such type of work, wedges, levers and other such arrangements should be used.
vii) Keeping foot or hand under the load or pushing the load with the body.
viii) Using the slings etc., received with the packing boxes (employed for tying of the load) or lying in the railway wagons.
ix) Rope sling getting pressed under load. The rope may thus get damaged and will be rendered useless for work.
16. Pin of proper size should only be used in the shackle.
17. Eye bolts of proper size corresponding to the load being lifted should only be used.
18. Ring or shackle must freely sit on the hook.
19. For lifting plates etc., (with lifting holes), eye bolts with collar should only be used and the screw must properly sit with the collar.
DUTIES OF THE SLINGER WHILE TRANSPORTING LOAD:
1. Slinger should himself give signals to the operator for any of the crane traverses.
2. Before giving load lifting signal, the slinger should ensure that….
i) The load being lifted is properly tied up and is not being obstructed from any side.
ii) No loose material / tool is lying on the load and that the pipe being lifted is not filed up with sand which might fall down during transportation.
iii) The load will not be obstructed by any obstacle during its lifting / transportation.
iv) Unwanted persons are not standing near the load or the boom lifted.
v) Slinger himself should stand at a safe distance from the load being lifted.
3. While lifting or lowering the load near the wall, column, machine, railway wagon etc., the slinger must ensure that no person is standing in between the load and the above mentioned places and that he himself is standing a way from the load.
4. Before transporting the load with the crane, it should be lifted up from the floor by 200 – 300 mm and held in position. The slinger should now check for equal tension of the load slings, reliable fastening of the load, its balance and ensure that there is no chance of load falling during transportation. If the slings are required to be shifted, it should be shifted, it should be done only after lowering the load on the floor.
5. While traversing the load, the slinger should ensure that the load is about half a meter above the floor or the obstacles in the way. The slinger should walk along with the load at a safe distance from it and should see that the load is not obstructed by any wayside obstacles. The slinger should also see that the load is not carried over human beings.
6. If it is not possible for the slinger to walk along with the load, he should stand at a convenient place from where he should supervise the load being traversed. Crane operator in such cases will also supervise the load traverse from the crane cabin.
7. While transporting long loads or turning them by 180° keeping suspended from the crane hook, guy ropes should be employed.
8. While transporting load with the crane, the slinger is forbidden from doing the following.
i) Lifting a load lying in an un-equilibrium position. Hanging load from only one horn of the herring-bone hook. Lifting a load container filled upto the top or over the level mark.
ii) Lifting a load lying embedded under earth, concrete or any other load. Pulling out with the crane, the metal/slag solidified in the furnace or on the floor.
iii) Stopping or re-positioning a sling or chain slipping from a traversing load. If the sling starts slipping from the traversing load, the load must immediately be lowered on the floor and slings then placed properly.
iv) Balancing a load by his own weight. Lifting or lowering a load with the persons sanding on it.
v) Standing under the load being transported or carrying the load over the human beings.
vi) Pulling the load while lifting, lowering or transporting it.
vii) Loading/unloading an open railway wagon by means of magnetic or grab hook, with the persons standing on the wagon.
viii) Standing himself or the other persons within 5 metres of the guarded servicing area, while working with the magnetic hook.
ix) Keeping any spare slings on the crane hook (other than the load sling). It may not happen that the load sling crimples on the hook edge and slips down from it.
9. While transporting load with the crane, if the slinger observes some defect in the crane or the track, the crane should be stopped and the defect reported to the crane operator and the section in-charge.
DUTY OF THE SLINGER WHILE LOWERING AND STAGGERING THE LOAD:
1. Before lowering the load, the slinger should inspect the place and ensure that the load can be safely lowered there.
2. Load should not be lowered on improper places like wooden frame, balcony, temporary platform, gas/steam pipe line, electric cable etc.
3. While lowering load on slopes, in pits or on loose earth, the linger should ensure that the load will not slide down from the slope and that the earth will not sink down under the weight of the crane/load.
4. Load should be lowered on strong packing so that the slings can be easily removed out from under the load and can be put back when needed. Wooden material can be placed without the packing, provided the lings are not tied with it. Sling should be removed from the hook/load only after the load has been lowered safely and dept properly.
5. Load should be staggered in different stages as per size of the load, keeping the passage clear.
6. While loading/unloading a railway wagon, truck or any other such transport, packing should be placed on all the wheels and special care should be taken of its balance. Even a little carelessness may result in overturning of the vehicle.
Load should be so placed on the vehicle that it does not project out unsafely and will be safe during transportation.
Vehicle should not be loaded beyond its capacity.
7. Load should be unloaded at least a meter away from the railway track.
DUTIES OF THE SLINGER AFTER COMPLETING THE WORK:
1. Slings, chains or other load lifting devices should be removed from the crane hook.
2. All the load slinging arrangements employed on work should be cleaned off the sand or oil, inspected and placed back in their respective places.
3. Slings damaged during the work, should be returned to the maintenance section.
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Project Feedbacks
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| Author: Herold Victor | Member Level: Bronze | Revenue Score:  | a) Here main comminication between the slinger and the Operator of the Crane should be through Closed frequency Radio. A small miscomminication would cause grave dangerous situations/ accidents while working with heavy Lifts.
b) In the present Industry maintenance dept will issue colour coding of the lifting items which olny will be used for all the lifting operations which normally decided by Safety/ HSE dept. There will not be any confusion in this.
c) Now all the cranes are equipped with Load Indicators where in we know the weight of the Object to be lifted. So there will not be any confusion in this.
d) Most of the other things mentioned in the paper were already followed in any good Industry.
e) Always a Lifting plan is made before making any heavy lifts so that non of the concered people will be kept dark.Each ones responsibility is already defined.
These important things to be noted for any Heavy Lifts. Ultimately there should be no compromise on safety.
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