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MBA
Posted Date:
Total Responses: 0
Posted By: Bharath Sudar Member Level: Platinum Points/Cash: 10
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DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT:
Management can be defined as a field of study as a team or class of people, and as a process. Management as a field of study about management principles, techniques, functions, and problems. This approach, however, fails to give the correct nature of management. Management as a team includes individuals who perform the managerial activities in the organisation, and the actions performed by them come under managerial activities. However who are the managers and what are these activities that should be treated as managerial activities are hard to identify unless some yard sticks are prescribe.. This becomes more difficult specially when those performing managerial roles bear different titles in the organisations. Much of those problems can be solved if management is defined as process. That is why most of the authors take management as a process while defining it.
There are two ways of identifying managerial activities- inductive and deductive.
MANAGEMENT PROCESS
It is easier to understand something a complex as management when it is described as a series of seperate, parts or functions, that make up a whole process.. Descriptions of this kind, known as models, have been used by students and practitioners world used to convey complex relationships in easy- to-understand terms. In fact, we used a model without identifying it as such-when we said earlier that the major management activated were Planning, Organising, Staffing, Leading and Controlling.
MANAGEMENT LEVELS
The Management functions are universal which suggests that the manager at all levels have to perform all the functions of Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing and Controlling. This is, in a broad sense, true, but the emphasis varies on a particular functions with the change of management level. For example, a top level manager is involved more in policy formulation rather than the control functions and supervisors may put more emphasis on control. These difference in the emphasis of various functions at different levels require different characteristics and qualities in managers.
TOP MANAGEMENT:
Top Management in an organisation consists of shareholders, board directors, and the chief executive. The chief executive may be called by various names- Managing Director, Director-General, President, Chief Executive, Officer, etc. Top Management is responsible for overall management of the organisation and performs all such functions necessary for this. These functions may be classified into three parts. They are Overall Management, Overall Operations and Overall Relationship.
MIDDLE MANAGEMENT:
This groups comes between Top Management and supervisory Management. According to Niles, Middle Managers have pressures from three corners: (i) Top Management forces them to act i.e., accordance with its policies, direction, and guidance. (ii) Lower Management puts pressure over them for accepting and accommodating its ideas and vies. (iii) Middle Managers themselves are interrelated and they expect greater co-operation and working facilities. These managers have to function in these pressures. Three is little uniformity in middle managers because of their own levels in various organisations. Thus, a small organisation may not have middle management group, but a large one has several levels of middle managers. This suggests that as an organisations grows, most new levels are added among middle management. However, a generalisation can be achieved in various functions of this group.
SUPERVISORY MANAGEMENT:
Supervision is often limped conventiontly in with all other levels in managerial hierarchy and discussed as part of leadership. In fact, the term supervisions traditionally used to refer to the activity dealing with instructing, guiding, and inspiring human begins toward greater levels of performance. From this term here to denote the specific level of management in an organisation. This level is referred to as supervisors, the first level managers in the organisation. The term supervisor includes types of foreman and junior executives below middle management level.
PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
Production function may be defined as the functional relationship between physical input(i.e., factors of production) and physical outputs(i.e., Quantity of goods produced). As stigler puts it the production function is the name given to the relationship between the rates of input of productive services and the rate of output of product. it is the economists summary of technological knowledge.
The production function can also be expressed in the form of a mathematical equation in which output is the dependent variable and inputs are independent variables. In general terms, this relationship can be also stated as:
P=f(a,b,c..............n)
Where P is the rate of output of a given commercially and a.b.c...n are the various factor used per unit.
PROFITABILITY
The term 'Profit' is being used is several sense. According to Prof. Knight, "Perhaps no term or concept in economic discussion is used with a more bewildering variety of well established meaning than profit".
In ordinary language profit is the surplus of income over expenses of production accuring to a businessman. It is the amount left with him after he has made payments for all factors services used by him in the process of production.
THEORIES OF PROFIT
Theories of profit explain why profit is paid and how profits get determined. There are some important theories of profit. They are:
1. The Rent Theory of Profit
2. The wages Theory of Profit
3. The Managerial Productivity Theory of Profit
4. The Innovation Theory of Profit
5. The Dynamic Theory of Profit
6. The Risk Theory of Profit
7. The Uncertainly-Bearing Theory of Profit
PROFIT OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
(From 1998-99 to 2002-03)
FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS
(Rs.Million)
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
(From 1998-99 to 2002-03)
ACHIEVEMENT
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
ACHIEVEMENT
OF
ASHOK LEYLANDLAND LIMITED
In June 1956, 4 lakh shares allotted to Leyland Motors. In November 11 lakh share issued at par 15,03,456 shares as rights in prop. 19:40 & 5,96,544 shares to Leyland Motors to maintain their holding at 40%.Afterwards the Company Issued many Share allotments and developing their growth.
In 1980, with the collaboration, the Company embarked on a programme of manufacture of integral buses. The R & D division was also engaged in developing a new vehicle prime mover with turbocharged engine which in operation with a Tandem-Axle trailer, would enable a GTW of 26T. The Company also developed a longer integral bus with larger seating capacity. A technical collaboration agreement was entered into for the manufacture of synchromesh transmissions to the designs of Azhnradfabrik Friedrichshafen AG of West Germany.
In 1983, the Company entered into an agreement for a joint venture in Sri Lanka for the assembly and progressive manufacture of Ashok Leyland vehicles. ACL proposed to create facilities for body building and assembly of panels for front-end structures for truck and business in order to cater to the requirements. Then the Company entered into a technical collaboration with Hino Motor Ltd., Japan for their ‘w’ series engines.
In 1994, the Company issued 10,771,908 GDRs at issue price of US$12.79 per GDR for a total value of US $137.773 millions. Each GDR represents 3 equity shares of RS. 10 Each.32,315,724 shares issued through GDRs. The Company entered into a technical collaboration with Hino Motor Ltd., Japan for their
In 2003, Leyland has reported a 70% increase in its sales. Ashok Leyland set to increase “HINO” engine platform through in-house product development, to deliver higher horsepower in tune with improving road infrastructure. Ashok Leyland Ltd has supplied 25 buses to Afghanistan Which is a part of Indian Government’s Assistance to the war-ravaged Afghanistan.Leyland bagged $46 million truck supply contract from the United Nations.
In 2004, Ashok Leyland unveils new range of buses and trucks in a bid. It launches Ecomet, a light commercial vehicle, in the Andhra Pradesh market. Ashok Leyland’s Hosur unit bags CII’s awards in safety, health and environment. Ashok Leyland Ltd(ALL) and Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) have joined hands to offer freignt management services across the country. Ashok Leyland Ltd signs a collaboration agreement with ZF of Germany local manufacturing of ZF’s 9-speed synchromesh gearbox. Now, Wipro Infotech has signed up with Ashok Leyland for strategic cost reduction.
The Company is also investing Rs.140 Crore in hiking its vehicle production capacity by 17,000 units to 67,000 vehicles and 77,000 engines annually by July 2004.
Besides, Rs.250 Crore will be spent on development of a modern cabin for its trucks and the new FjF series engine, under technical alliance with Japan’s Hino Motors. To fund the capacity expansion over the next two years, Ashok Leyland is considering an option to raise equity in the near future.
The Hinduja Group flagship expects to increase its vehicle exports by 35 % to 3,500 vehicles during the fiscal ending March 31, 2004, he said, adding the first consignment of 200 vehicles to Iraq will be shipped by the end of this month.
Ashok Leyland had received an order for 3,300 trucks to ship to the war-ravaged nation under the jurisdiction of the United Nations. The company’s total sales this fiscal were expected to grow in line with the commercial vehicle industry growth of over 30 Per cent.
MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
The Memorandum of Association of any Company having the following clauses:-
? Name Clauses
? Situation Clauses
? Objective Clauses
? Liability Clauses
? Capital Clauses
MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
? Name of the Company is “Ashok Leyland Limited”.
? The Registered Office of the Company will be situated in the State of Tamil Nadu
? The Objects for which the Company is established are:-
• To carry on the Business of manufacturers, assemblers of, dealers in, hirers, repairers ,cleaners, storers, warehousers, pf motor cars, motor cycles, cycle-cars, motors, scooters, motor-buses and lorries, trucks, tractors,cycles, bicycles, and carriages, launches, boats and ships, vans aeroplanes, hydroplanes, and other vehicles and conveyances of all descriptions for carrying passengers or other personnel, goods, commodities, produce, cargoes and other things on land or sea or by air whether propelled or assisted by means of petrol, spirit, steam, gas, electrical, animal or other powers, and all engines, chassis, bodies, turbines, tanks, tools, implements, accessories and other things, materials and products used for, in or in connection with motors and other things.
• To carry on the business of mechanical engineers, machinists, fitters, mill-wrights, pounders, galvanisers, enamellers, electroplaters, painters and packing case-makers.
• To develop, design, programme, conduct feasibility studies, act as advisor, retainers, consultants and/or agents to all projects and to engage in project survey, implementation, progress monitoring and turnkey installation
• To import into Indian Austin cars and other Austin products, to assemble Austin products from their Components, to undertake the progressive manufacture in India of such parts of Austin products as can, under suitable provisions for such manufacture, be manufactured there, to supply Austin Products and parts to accredited distributors for re-sale to the public in India and to provide adequate facilities for the prompt servicing of Austin Products in India
• To acquire and work mines, plantations, forests, lands, licences, leases and other rights and privileges.
• To enter into any contract or arrangement or other dealing for the more efficient conduct of the traffic or business of the Company or any part thereof.
• To sell, let, exchange or otherwise deal with the undertaking of the Company of any part thereof for such consideration as the Company may think if and in particular for shares, debentures or securities of any other Company having objects altogether or in part similar to those of this Company and if thought fit to distribute the same among the share-holders of this Company
• To provide for the welfare of the employees or ex-employees of the Company and the wives, widows and families of the dependents or connections of such persons, by building or contributing to the building of houses, dwellings or chawls, or by grants of money, pensions, allowances, bonus, or other payments; or by creating and from time to time subscribing or contributing to Provident or other associations, institutions, funds or trusts, and by providing or subscribing or contributing towards places of instruction and recreation, hospitals and dispensaries, medical and other attendance and other assistance as the Company shall think fit, and to subscribe or contribute or otherwise to assist or to guarantee money of charitable, benevolent, religious, scientific, national, political or other institutions and object which shall have any moral or other claim to support or aid by the Company either by reason of locality of operation or of public and general utility or otherwise
AND IT IS HEREBY DECLARED that the word “Company” in this Memorandum when applied otherwise than to this Company shall be deemed to include any authority or partnership or other body of persons whether incorporated or not and whether domiciled in India or elsewhere; and the intention is that the objects set forth in each of the several paragraphs of this Clause shall have the widest possible construction and shall in no wise be limited or restricted by references to or inference from the terms of any other paragraphs of this Clause shall have the widest possible construction and shall in no wise be limited or restricted by reference to or inference from the terms of any other paragraphs of this Clause or the name of the Company
? The liability of the members is limited
? The Capital of the Company is Rs.150, 00,00,000(Rupees One hundred and Fifty Crores only) divided into 15,00,00,000 equity shares of Rs.10/- each
OPERATION & OBJECTIVES
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
The Operation and Objectives of the Company are following below:-
? To carry on the Business of manufacturers, assemblers of, dealers in, hirers, repairers ,cleaners, storers, warehousers, pf motor cars, motor cycles, cycle-cars, motors, scooters, motor-buses and lorries, trucks, tractors, cycles, bicycles, and carriages, launches, boats and ships, vans aeroplanes, hydroplanes, and other vehicles and conveyances of all descriptions for carrying passengers or other personnel, goods, commodities, produce, cargoes and other things on land or sea or by air whether propelled or assisted by means of petrol, spirit, steam, gas, electrical, animal or other powers, and all engines, chassis, bodies, turbines, tanks, tools, implements, accessories and other things, materials and products used for, in or in connection with motors and other things.
? To Buy, sell, let on, hire, repair, alter and deal in machinery, component parts, accessories and fittings of all kinds for motors and other things and all articles and things referred to in the above item hereof or used in or capable of being used in connection with the manufacture, maintenance and working thereof.
? To carry on the business of garage-keepers and suppliers of and dealers in petrol, electricity and other motive power to motors and other things.
? To develop, design, programme, conduct feasibility studies, act as advisor, retainers, consultants and / or agents to all projects and to engage in project survey, implementation, progress monitoring and turnkey installation
? To erect, acquire, work, use, barter, exchange and otherwise, deal with such mills, factories, workshops, buildings, houses and erections as may be expedient and to purchase or put into working order such machinery and other accessories as may from time to time be expedient
? To carry on the business of warehousemen and wharfingers
? To carry on the business of carriers by land, water or air
? To promote any other Company for the purpose of acquiring all or any of the property and liabilities of this Company of for any other purpose which may seem directly or indirectly calculated to benefit this Company and to buy, sell, contract to buy or sell and deal in shares, stocks, debentures and securities of all kinds.
? To invest or deposit or deal with the moneys of the Company not immediately required for the purposes of its business in such manner as may from time to time be determined
? To guarantee the performance of contracts
? To establish agencies or branches in India or elsewhere and to undertake the management of any Company or Companies having objects altogether or in part similar to those of this Company and to take all necessary steps for registering the Company in any Country as may be thought fit.
? To improve, manage, work, develop, lease, mortgage, abandon or otherwise deal with, all or any part of the part of the property movable or immovable of the Company and all or any of the rights and concession of the Company
The Company to do all or any of the above things in any part of the world as Principals, Agents, Contractors, Trustees, Insurers, or otherwise and either alone or in conjunction with others.
DEPARTMENTS
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
Ashok Leyland is mounting with the following departments:-
1.FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT
2.PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
3.PURCHASING DEPARTMENT
4.SECRETARIAL AND LEGAL DEPARTMENT
5.MANUFACTURING DEPARTMENT
6.MARKETING DEPARTMENT
HISTORY
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
The Company was Incorporated on 7th September 1948, at Chennai. At first , they Manufacture Comet Chassis and Leyland ‘Tiger’ and ‘Titan’ Chassis and Leyland Diesel Engines. In July 1955, the name of the Company Was changed from Ashok Motors Ltd., to Ashok Leyland Ltd.
In June 1956, 4 lakh shares allotted to Leyland Motors. In November 11 lakh share issued at par 15,03,456 shares as rights in prop. 19:40 & 5,96,544 shares to Leyland Motors to maintain their holding at 40%.Afterwards the Company Issued many Share allotments and developing their growth.
In February 1979, the Company made a public issue of 49,61,349 No. of equity shares of Rs.5 each at a premium of Rs.3 per share.
In 1980, with the collaboration, the Company embarked on a programme of manufacture of integral buses. The R & D division was also engaged in developing a new vehicle prime mover with turbocharged engine which in operation with a Tandem-Axle trailer, would enable a GTW of 26T. The Company also developed a longer integral bus with larger seating capacity. A technical collaboration agreement was entered into for the manufacture of synchromesh transmissions to the designs of Azhnradfabrik Friedrichshafen AG of West Germany.
In 1983, the Company entered into an agreement for a joint venture in Sri Lanka for the assembly and progressive manufacture of Ashok Leyland vehicles. ACL proposed to create facilities for body building and assembly of panels for front-end structures for truck and business in order to cater to the requirements. Then the Company entered into a technical collaboration with Hino Motor Ltd., Japan for their ‘w’ series engines.
In 1986, DGTD registration for the manufacture of metal cutting and grinding machines at the Hosur and Alwar plants was obtained. A Prototype of a rear engine bys chasis according to the specifications laid down by special working group for use in State Transport Undertakings was acknowledge by the latter during the year
In 1987, the “Intermediate” vehicle with 4-cylinder HINO engine was introduced in the market under the brand name “CHITAL”. A test track for endurance testing of vehicles was also commissioned
In 1989, the Company introduced Normal Control(Bonnetted) vehicle. With access to superior IVECO TECHNOLOGY, THE company was evaluating various contemporary product options that were relevant to the requirements of Indian road transport industry.
In 1994, the Company issued 10,771,908 GDRs at issue price of US$12.79 per GDR for a total value of US $137.773 millions. Each GDR represents 3 equity shares of RS. 10 Each.32,315,724 shares issued through GDRs. The Company entered into a technical collaboration with Hino Motor Ltd., Japan for their “W” series Engines.
In 1998, Ashok Leyland has introduced “The Panther” , a low floor bus which has been indigenously designed to cater to the needs of the common masses and is based on the parameters set by the Central institute of Road Transport and the Association of State Road Transport Undertakings. The Ashok Leyland Ltd., the commercial vehicles major, has entered into an agreement with the leading US-based management consultant, A T Kearney, to Kick-start the process re-engineering work in the company’s various production units. Ashok Leyland Limited is developing a new range of low floor chassis in the passenger vehicle sector for more convenient urban transportation.The Ministry of Defence’s Vehicle Factory in Jabalpur has signed manufacturing agreements with Ashok Leyland & Tata Electric and Locomotives Company(Telco) recently.
In 1999, the Company would enter into an alliance with dealers of tractor on a temporary basis. The Company was talking to tractor manufacturers including Mahindra & Mahindra, Eicher, TAFE and Punjab Tractors in this connection.
In 2000, the Company launched of two interactive Internet initiatives, one for domestic parts operations and the other for exports. Ashok Leyland has announced a voluntary retirement scheme for its “unionized staff”.Ashok Leyland Limited(ALL) and Maruti Udyog Ltd have been selected for the IRTE National Award, in recognition of their efforts towards promoting the cause of road safety, traffic management and environment protection.
In 2001, Commercial vehicles manufacturers Ashok Leyland Ltd., Sundaram Industries Ltd and Irizar of Spain have formed a joint venture company-Irizar TVS Ltd for bus body building. The JV Company has been set up with a paid-up capital of Rs. 75 lakhs with equal contribution from the three partners. Ashok Leyland’s Ennore unit has received ISO 14001 certification for its environment management system from Indian Registrar Quality Systems
In 2002, Ashok Leyland Ltd has informed that Mr. G. Boschetti ceased to be a Director on our Board. Mr. Marc Petit also ceased to be an Alternate Director to Mr. G Boschetti Mr. R Sorce has been appointed as a Director in the place of Mr. G Boschetti
In 2003, Leyland has reported a 70% increase in its sales. Ashok Leyland set to increase “HINO” engine platform through in-house product development, to deliver higher horsepower in tune with improving road infrastructure. Ashok Leyland Ltd has supplied 25 buses to Afghanistan Which is a part of Indian Government’s Assistance to the war-ravaged Afghanistan.Leyland bagged $46 million truck supply contract from the United Nations.
In 2004, Ashok Leyland unveils new range of buses and trucks in a bid. It launches Ecomet, a light commercial vehicle, in the Andhra Pradesh market. Ashok Leyland’s Hosur unit bags CII’s awards in safety, health and environment. Ashok Leyland Ltd(ALL) and Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) have joined hands to offer freignt management services across the country. Ashok Leyland Ltd signs a collaboration agreement with ZF of Germany local manufacturing of ZF’s 9-speed synchromesh gearbox. Now, Wipro Infotech has signed up with Ashok Leyland for strategic cost reduction.
Ashok Leyland would develop further in future endeavour success
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
? Constitution of the Company
? Interpretation Clause
? Capital
? Share and Debenture Certificates
? Calls of Shares
? Lien
? Forfeiture of Shares
? Transfer and Transmission of Shares
? Register of Members
? Set-off of Moneys due to Shareholders
? Conversion of Shares in to Stock
? Share Warrants
? Alteration of Capital
? General Meetings
? Proceedings at General Meetings
? Directors
? Retirement of Directors
? Proceedings of Directors
? Powers and Duties of Directors
? Special Director/Executive Director
? Borrowing
? Managing Directors
? Common Seal
? Dividends and Reserves
? Capitalisation of Profits
? Accounts
? Annual Returns
? Audit
? Service of Documents and notice
JOINT VENTURES
Joint Ventures represent collaboration and combination between India and Foreign manufacturers of repute. The public confidence in these ventures can, however, be judged from the quick over subscription of the share capital offered by them to the general public. There appears to be no reason to doubt the fact that these collaborations will assist in the rapid industrialization of the country under the overall control and vigilance of the Government.
JOINT VENTURE COMPANIES
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
Joint Venture Product Partner
Tata Johnson Controls Manufacturing Engineering Seating System Johnson Controls, USA
Tata Auto Plastic Systems Plastic Interior, Plastic Exteriors, Air vents Johnson Controls, USA
Tata Toyo Radiator Engine Cooling Toyo Radiator Co. Ltd, JAPAN
Tata Xazaki Auto Comp. Wiring Harness Xazaki Co-operation JAPAN
TC Springs Suspension Springs Chuo Hatsuo, JAPAN
FUTURE PLAN
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
Ashok Leyland Ltd plans to foray into China, Pakistan..
Ashok Leyland Ltd is readying to manufacture its trucks and buses in China and Pakistan within the next 12-18 months as part of plans to increase its business in overseas markets .
The Company is also investing Rs.140 Crore in hiking its vehicle production capacity by 17,000 units to 67,000 vehicles and 77,000 engines annually by July 2004.
Besides, Rs.250 Crore will be spent on development of a modern cabin for its trucks and the new FjF series engine, under technical alliance with Japan’s Hino Motors. To fund the capacity expansion over the next two years, Ashok Leyland is considering an option to raise equity in the near future.
The Hinduja Group flagship expects to increase its vehicle exports by 35 % to 3,500 vehicles during the fiscal ending March 31, 2004, he said, adding the first consignment of 200 vehicles to Iraq will be shipped by the end of this month.
Ashok Leyland had received an order for 3,300 trucks to ship to the war-ravaged nation under the jurisdiction of the United Nations. The company’s total sales this fiscal were expected to grow in line with the commercial vehicle industry growth of over 30 Per cent.
Ashok Leyland’s domestic sales during April-December 2003 surged by 39.7 per cent to 30,501 while exports jumped 79.8 per cent to 2,275 units.
Ashok Leyland ‘s heavy trucks and buses in future would be powered with the 260 Horse Power , J Series engines. Apart from making its presence in China & Pakistan, the Company was also planning to expand in other Overseas Market like the Middle East & South Africa, where it would export vehicles directly as fully-built units.
Ashok Leyland had bid for a taxi recapitalisation project in South Africa and has been selected as a preferred bidder.
Ashok Leyland has also firmed up plans to manufacture light armoured vehicles for the Indian Army apart from supplying CNB vestibule buses to the Delhi Government for a planned rapid transport system. They are planning to do 5,000 units of defence vehicles this year.
Apart from all the above things, Ashok Leyland Limited having lots of Future Plan to proceed to increase their Trade in all over the World. Many projects has been signed up with the Foreign Companies. From that projects, the Company would try to reach their Goal in short period.
OFFICE LOCATION
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
In the following below addresses , the ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED Corporate and Regional Offices are located.
CORPORATE OFFICE:
Ashok Leyland Limited,
Corporate Marketing,
480, Anna Salai,
Nandanam,
Chennai-600035
?044-24340150, ?044-24341536
REGIONAL OFFICE:
1.Ashok Leyland Limited,
Regional Office(S),
Temple Tower,
476, Annasalai, Nandanam,
Chennai-600035
2. Ashok Leyland Limited,
Parts Warehouse,
Dhansar
Dhanbad-828106
?0326-2307159, ?0326-2307159
3.Ashok Leyland Limited,
Regional Office (W),
Electric Mansion, Appa Saheb Marathe Marg,
Prabhadevi
Mumbai-400025
?022-24305093, ?022-24375186
4.Ashok Leyland Limited,
Regional Office (N),
8B Tej Building,
Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,
New Delhi-110002
?011-23357370, ?011-23722246
The Working Hours of the Corporate and Regional Offices are from 8.30am to 6.00pm for all Week days,( lunch break - 12.00noon to 1.00pm), it is from 8.30am to 1.00pm for Saturdays.
ORGANISATION CHART
OF
COMPANY
Organisation is a process through which management group the employees of the Company in a planned way to achieve designated objectives of the Company. The problem is to design the method of grouping of employee. In some business enterprises, employees are grouped according to the functions, namely, Production, Finance, Marketing, etc., In some other multi-product business units, employees, are grouped according to the principal products. The organization design which business unit. It is therefore necessary to carefully study the business units functions and its requirements before designing a suitable organization for the unit. The Model of Organisation Chart is following below:-
ORGANISATION CHART FOR BOARD OF DIRECTORS
OF
ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
Name of Board of Directors –ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED
SNO NAME DESIGNATION
1 Mr. Marco Bianchi Alternate Director
2 Mr.A. K. Das Alternate Director
3 Mr.H.Klingele Alternate Director
4 Mr.Anders Spare Alternate Director
5 Mr.R.J.Shahaney Chairman/Chair Person
6 Mr.E.A.Kshirsagar Director
7 Mr.D.J.Balaj Rao Director
8 Mr.F.Sahami Director
9 NMr.S.Balasubramanian Executive Director
10 Mr.K.S.Kumar Executive Director
11 Mr.K.Sridharan Executive Director
12 Mr.M.Nataraj Executive Director
13 Mr.R.Malhan Executive Director
14 Mr.S.Nagarajan Executive Director
15 Mr.J.N.Amrolia Executive Director
16 Mr.R.Seshasayee Executive Director
17 Mr.S.R.Krishnaswamy Executive Director
18 Mr.D.G.Hinduja Vice Chairman
MANAGEMENT PROCESS
MANAGEMENT LEVELS
MANAGEMENT FLOW CHART
The Management Flowchart which clearly shows the Management Process and Management levels, in which we clearly gets the power, duty and rights of the persons who involved in the Management. The Following below Management Chart is one of the example :-
CERTIFICATE FOR COMMENCEMENT
OF BUSINESS
(Pursuant to Section 103(2) of the
Indian Companies Act, 1913)
----------
I Hereby certify that the ASHOK MOTORS LIMITED which was incorporated under the Indian Companies Act, 1913, on the seventh day of September 1948, and which has this day filed a duly verified declaration in the prescribed form that the conditions of section 103(I) (a) to (d) of the said Act have been complied with, is entitled to commence business.
Given under my hand at Madras this fourteenth day of December one thousand nine hundred and forty eight.
(Sd.) P.C. MATTHAN
Assistant Registrar of
Joint Stock Companies
CERTIFICATE FOR INCORPORATION
No.68 of 1948-49
------------
I Hereby certify that the ASHOK MOTORS LIMITED is this day incorporated under the Indian Companies Act, VII of 1913, and that the Company is Limited
Given under my hand at Madras this Seventh day of September One thousand nine hundred and forty eight
(Sd.) P.C. MATTHAN
Assistant Registrar of
Joint Stock Companies
CERTIFICATE FOR COMMENCEMENT
OF CHANGE OF NAME
(Pursuant to Section 11(4) and (5) of the
Indian Companies Act, 1913)
-----------
I Hereby certify that the ASHOK MOTORS LIMITED, having with the sanction of a special resolution of the said company and with the approval of the CENTRAL GOVERNMENT signified in letter No.28(30)-cl/55 dated the 30th June, 1955 of the Ministry of Finance, Department of Economics Affairs, New Delhi changed its name, is now called the ‘ASHOK LEYLAND LIMITED’ and that such new has this day been entered in the register
Given under my hand at Madras this fourth day of July one thousand nine hundred and fifty five.
(Sd.) P.C. MATTHAN
Assistant Registrar of
Joint Stock Companies
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