(1)Characteristics of the phylum:-
(1)Hollow dorsal nerve cord.
(2)Nervous system and endoskeleton highly developed bony in nature.
(3)Body is covered with feather,forelimb modified into wings and beak is present.
(2)Aerial Adaptations in birds:-
(1)Animals like birds,insects etc. which fly in the air do not remain always in aerial conditions.They all come to the ground,branches of trees and so on for food and rest.So,their basic adaptations are for flying in the air.
(3)Adaptations in birds
(1)The body is boat shaped and streamlined to provide least resistant to air current.
(2)The eyes have well developed nictating membrane for protection from air,dust etc.
(3)The forelimbs are modified into wings.
(4)The is covered with feathers to provide insulation.
(5)Strong well developed pectoral muscles help in flying high.
(6)The tail feathers act as a rudder.
(7)The bones are pneumatic(hollow)which reduces the weight of the body.
(8)The body is adapted to flight habit.
(9)They have sharp eyesight.
(10)Air sacs are found attached to the lungs.
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